Temperature Profiling a Battery During Charging and Discharging Using a DAQ
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Charge and discharge currents increase the temperature of batteries. And, temperature directly affects the lifespan and storage capacity of batteries. Batteries tend to be efficient and have a normal life span at room temperatures. However, when batteries are subjected to hot or cold temperatures, their lifespan is greatly reduced.
At extreme temperatures, batteries can even break down. The breakdown typically happens in several stages: leakage, smoke, fire and explosion. It’s important to perform abuse tests to determine the temperatures present for each of the stages of breakdown. Knowing the temperatures for each breakdown stage tell you how close you are to experiencing issues and allows you to manage your device accordingly.
When batteries fail spectacularly (smoke and fire) it is typically due to a short causing a rapid discharge and greatly increased heat. So newer batteries have an extra protection that acts as a fuse to avoid an external short circuit.
Lithium-ion (Li-ion) based batteries are very popular as they can hold a lot of energy in a small package and be quickly charged and discharged. Lithium-ion battery cells come in standard or custom configurations. Standard configurations are cylindrical with standard diameters and lengths. Custom configurations are designed to fit into compact devices such as mobile phones and tablets.